- Bitcoin’s halving slows down new supply dramatically
- The final 5% will be mined over the next 100+ years
- Scarcity is built into Bitcoin’s code
Bitcoin is often referred to as “digital gold” — and for good reason. Its value is deeply connected to its scarcity. One of the key factors enforcing this scarcity is Bitcoin’s halving schedule, a unique design that reduces the rate at which new bitcoins are created. Every four years, the reward that miners receive for validating transactions is cut in half.
This mechanism ensures that Bitcoin becomes harder to mine over time, making new coins more scarce as the network matures. Originally, miners earned 50 BTC per block. As of 2024, they now earn just 3.125 BTC. And the rewards will keep shrinking until no more Bitcoin is left to be mined — which will take over 100 years.
Why the Final 5% Will Take a Century
Out of Bitcoin’s total supply of 21 million coins, more than 19.5 million have already been mined. That leaves less than 1.5 million left. However, due to the halving process, the rate of issuance slows down so much that the final 5% will be released gradually — over more than a century.
This slow release is no accident. Bitcoin’s creator, Satoshi Nakamoto, built this timeline into the code to control inflation and encourage long-term value. The final Bitcoin is expected to be mined around the year 2140. This makes Bitcoin not just scarce, but predictably scarce.
Scarcity by Design: What It Means for Bitcoin’s Value
With such a rigid supply schedule, Bitcoin stands in stark contrast to fiat currencies that can be printed at will. The extended timeline to mine the final coins adds to its deflationary appeal.
As fewer new coins enter circulation, the available supply becomes increasingly limited. If demand continues to rise — especially from institutions, ETFs, and global adoption — this scarcity could drive prices even higher.
Bitcoin’s value proposition isn’t just in what it is today, but in what it won’t be in the future: an endlessly inflating asset.
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